Ba kamar sauran alluran rigakafin da ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta masu yaduwa ko wani ɓangarensa ba, allurar rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta suna amfani da ƙwayar cuta mara lahani don isar da wani yanki na kwayoyin halitta zuwa ƙwayoyin mu, wanda ke ba su damar yin furotin na ƙwayoyin cuta.Wannan yana horar da tsarin garkuwar jikin mu don magance cututtuka na gaba.
Lokacin da muke da kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta ko ƙwayar cuta, tsarin rigakafin mu yana amsawa ga ƙwayoyin cuta daga ƙwayoyin cuta.Idan haduwarmu ta farko ce tare da maharan, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun matakai suna taruwa don yaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta da haɓaka rigakafi don saduwa da juna a nan gaba.
Yawancin alluran rigakafi na gargajiya suna isar da ƙwayar cuta ko wani ɓangarensa zuwa jikinmu don horar da tsarin rigakafin mu don yaƙar kamuwa da cutar nan gaba.
Alurar rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta suna aiki daban.Suna amfani da ƙwayar cuta mara lahani don isar da wani yanki na kwayoyin halitta daga ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa ƙwayoyin mu don kwaikwayi kamuwa da cuta.Kwayar cuta mara lahani tana aiki azaman tsarin bayarwa, ko vector, don jerin kwayoyin halitta.
Kwayoyin mu daga nan su ke yin furotin na viral ko na bakteriya wanda vector ya isar kuma su gabatar da shi ga tsarin garkuwar jikin mu.
Wannan yana ba mu damar haɓaka takamaiman martani na rigakafi akan ƙwayoyin cuta ba tare da buƙatar kamuwa da cuta ba.
Duk da haka, kwayar cutar kwayar cutar da kanta tana taka rawar gani ta hanyar haɓaka martanin rigakafin mu.Wannan yana haifar da mafi ƙarfi dauki fiye da idan jerin kwayoyin cutar pathogens an isar da shi da kansa.
Alurar rigakafin COVID-19 na Oxford-AstraZeneca tana amfani da ƙwayar cuta ta chimpanzee gama gari wanda aka fi sani da ChAdOx1, wanda ke ba da lambar da ke ba da damar ƙwayoyin mu damar yin furotin na karu na SARS-CoV-2.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 24-2021